¹NCSL, State Budget Shortfalls Drop Dramatically According to New NCSL Budget Analysis (2/19/04), at www.ncsl.org/programs/press/2004/pr040310.htm.

²NCSL, States Get Stuck With $29 Billion Bill (3/10/04), at www.ncsl.org/programs/press/2004/pr040310.htm.

³See 2003 AZ HB 2533, Section 85 (enacted 6/17/03); 2003 AR Act 70,  Section 2 (HB 1100, enacted 2/2/04); CO Rev. Stat. Section 39-21-201, added by 2003 CO Laws Ch. 26 (SB 03-185, enacted 3/5/03); 2003 FL Laws, Ch. 2003-395 (SB 18A, enacted 6/18/03), FL Admin. Rule 12ER03-6; HI HB 2597 (introduced 1/27/04), SB 3151 (introduced 1/30/04); 2003 IL P.A. 93-26, Section 26 (SB 969, enacted 6/20/03); 2003 KS HB 2416 (enacted 5/23/03); ME Rev. Stat. Ann. Section 6572, added by 2003 ME L.D. 1319 (enacted 3/27/03), amended by L.D. 1614 (Section E-9), enacted 06/12/03; 2002 MA Laws Ch. 184 (HB 5300), eff. 7/1/02 (see MA Dept of Rev. (DOR), Taxpayer Info. Rel. (TIR) 02-14 (9/26/02), 2002 MA Laws Ch. 429, MA DOR, TIR 02-25 (12/31/02); MO Rev. Stat. Section 136.320 et seq., added by 2003 MO HB 600 (enacted 7/1/03); 2004 NE L.B. 1017, enacted 4/15/04; NV Tax Commn, Emergency Regs. Section 360.419; 2002 NY AB 9762-B (enacted 5/29/02); NYC Admin. Code Section 11-127, added by 2003 NY AB 8388 (veto override 5/19/03); 2003 ND Laws Ch. 36, Section 49 (SB 2015, enacted 5/23/03); TX Comptr of Pub. Accts., Texas Tax Amnesty 2004 (3/10/04); VA Code Ann. Section 58.1-1840.1, added by 2003 VA Laws Ch. 24 (SB 1030, enacted 3/16/03); W VA Code Section 11-10D-1 et seq., 2004 W VA SB 148 (enacted 4/1/04).

⁴See AZ HB 2533 (enacted 6/17/03).

⁵See, e.g., Denver Treasury Division, Denver Amnesty Rules (5/15/03); City of Aurora, CO.

⁶See 2003 KS HB 2416 (enacted 5/23/03).

⁷See 2003 ND Ch. 36, Section 49 (SB 2015, enacted 5/6/03), authorizing the Commissioner to institute tax amnesty.

⁸See ME Rev. Stat. Ann. Section 6572.

⁹See, e.g., ND Office of State Tax Commn, Sales Tax Newsletter (September 2003).

¹⁰2003 FL Laws, Ch. 2003-395 (SB 18A, enacted 6/18/03); FL Admin. Rule 12ER03-6.

¹¹2002 NY AB 9762-B (enacted 5/29/02).

¹²See VA Code Ann. Section 58.1-1840.1.

¹³35 IL Comp. Stat. Section 735/3-2(f).

¹⁴See note 10, supra.

¹⁵See Comptr of Pub. Accts., Texas Tax Amnesty 2004 (3/10/04).

¹⁶See ME Rev. Stat. Ann. Section 6572.

¹⁷2003 AZ HB 2533, Section 85B (enacted 6/17/03).

¹⁸IL uncodified legislation, 2003 IL Laws, P.A. 93-26 (SB 969), Section 10.

¹⁹See Federation of Tax Administrators, State Tax Amnesty Programs (3/24/04). Arizona offered an amnesty program from Nov. 22, 1982 Jan. 20, 1983. Illinois offered an amnesty program from Oct. 1Nov. 30, 1984.

²⁰2003 KS HB 2416 (enacted 5/23/03).

²¹MO Rev. Stat. Section 136.3285.

²²VA Code Ann. Section 58.1-1840.1.

²³NYC Admin. Code Section 11-127(A).

²⁴See NYC Dept of Fin., Testimony of Commr (3/4/04).

²⁵See, e.g., 2003 AR Act 70, Section 2 (HB 1100, enacted 2/2/04), and note 10, supra.

²⁶See note 15, supra.

²⁷See note 11, supra.

²⁸2003 AR Act 70, Section 2 (HB 1100, enacted 2/2/04).

²⁹See id.; compare, e.g., IL DOR, Info. Bull., FY 2004-11 (August 2003), 86 IL Adm. Code Section 521.105.

³⁰See NYC Dept of Fin., NYC Tax Amnesty 2003 (10/20/03).

³¹WVA 1110D-7 (installment payments subject to interest at 50% of the statutory rate).

³²CO Rev. Stat. Section 39-21-201(c).

³³See note 10, supra.

³⁴Refund requests in excess of the $250,000 cap must be approved by the legislature.

³⁵See MO Rev. Stat. Section 136.320(4).

³⁶See 2003 AZ HB 2533, Section 85(G).

³⁷See KS News Release, Governor Kathleen Sebelius and Secretary of Revenue Joan Wagnon Announce Kansas Tax Amnesty Program is a Success! (11/12/03), at www.ksgovernor.org/news/docs/news_rel121203a.html.

³⁸See Lovett, Illinois Hits Half-Billion Jackpot With Amnesty Revenue, State Tax Today, Doc. 2003-26210 (12/10/03).

³⁹See MD General Assembly, Session 2001, Department of Legislative Services, Fiscal Note HB 828 (revised 4/26/01).

⁴⁰See Setze, FTA Speakers on Tax Holiday, Amnesty: Resistance is Futile, State Tax Today, Doc. 2002-13458 (6/5/02).

⁴¹See MD News Release, Comptroller Schaefer Says Amnesty Nets $39 Million (11/27/04).

⁴²See Ketchum, Maryland Amnestys $39.2 Million Falls Well Short of Projection, State Tax Today, Doc. 2001-29769 (11/29/01).

⁴³See Letter to Governor Perry from Carol Keeton Strayhorn, Texas Comptroller of the Public Accounts (4/19/04), at www.window.state.tx.us/comptrol/letters/040419revest.pdf.

⁴⁴See Lovett, note 38 supra.

⁴⁵See ND Office of State Tax Commn, Tax Department Collects $6.9 Million in Taxes from Amnesty Program (3/22/04), at www.state.nd.us/taxdpt/media/pressrel/2004/3-22-04.html.

⁴⁶See note 24, supra.

⁴⁷See Tax Amnesty, Review of New York States 20022003 Amnesty Program, NYS Dept of Taxn and Fin., March 2004, at www.tax.state.ny.us/pdf/stats/Policy_Special/2002_2003_Amnesty/
Tax_Amnesty_2002_2003.pdf.

⁴⁸2003 CA AB 1601 (SB 614, enacted 10/2/03).

⁴⁹See Legislation By Assembly Majority Leader Frommer, Senator Cedillo Rakes In $1 Billion For State, Assembly Member Frommer News Release (4/26/04), at http://democrats.assembly.ca.gov/members/a43/mainpage.htm.

⁵⁰An abusive tax avoidance transaction is a plan or arrangement devised for the principal purpose of avoiding tax, and includes listed transactions.

⁵¹TX SB 340 (enacted 6/20/03).

⁵²MD 2003 SB 187 (enrolled and sent to governor 4/12/04). SB 187 is contingent on the enactment of HB 297, also enrolled and sent to the governor on April 13, 2004. HB 297 would require an addback of interest and intangible expenses paid between related entities and grant the Maryland Comptroller Internal Revenue Code Sec. 482-type powers. The governor has until late May to act on these bills. The governor vetoed similar addback provisions contained in a bill passed by the legislature in 2003. It remains to be seen whether the governor will veto one or both of the current bills.

⁵³See MD Comptr of Pub. Accts., News Release (12/2/03).

⁵⁴See, e.g., Voluntary Disclosure of Sales and Use Tax Liabilities, at tax.ohio.gov/business_sales_tax_voluntary_disclosure.html.

⁵⁵See MA DOR, TIR 02-13 (8/13/02).

⁵⁶See MA DOR, TIR 03-17 (8/29/03).

⁵⁷See the FL DOR website, at http://sun6.dms.state.fl.us/dor/amnesty/.

⁵⁸See, e.g., TX Tax Code Section 151.0231 (managed audit program (MAP) allows certain taxpayers to perform managed audits of sales and use taxes under the supervision of the Comptroller of Public Accounts. The taxpayers compliance history is a consideration in whether a managed audit will be allowed; the Comptroller, in her sole discretion, may authorize a managed audit by a taxpayer under a written agreement between the parties setting forth the audits parameters, and subject to the Comptrollers review and examination of the audit results. Section 151.0231(g) provides for a penalty waiver and allows the Comptroller to waive all or a part of the interest otherwise due on any tax determined to be owed as a result of the managed audit. Section 151.0231(h) authorizes a refund if certain criteria are met. See also CT Gen. Stat. Section 12-420c (authorizing managed audits for sales and use tax purposes). If a taxpayer is accepted into the managed audit program, the Department of Revenue Services may waive the first $10,000 of interest and 10% of the interest in excess of $10,000; penalties may also be waived.); NM Stat. Ann. Section 7-1-11.1 (New Mexico does not impose penalties on liabilities resulting from managed audit assessments and will waive interest when the audit assessment is paid within 30 days of the date the Taxation & Revenue Department issues the assessment.); KS Stat. Ann. Sections 79-3660, -3661 and -3664 (to participate, the taxpayer must have shown willingness to comply with Kansas state laws and maintained an acceptable system of business records; interest on assessment computed at 50% of the rate that would otherwise be imposed); VA DOR, Ruling of Commr, P.D. 99-231 (8/11/99); OH Rev. Code Ann. Section 5739.133; CA Rev. & Tax Code Sections. 70767076.5 (at the SBEs discretion and in a manner consistent with the efficient use of audit resources, a taxpayer is eligible for the MAP only if all of the following criteria are met: (1) the taxpayers business involves few or no statutory exemptions; (2) the taxpayers business involves a single or small number of clearly defined taxability issues; (3) the taxpayer is taxed pursuant to the MAP and agrees to participate; and (4) the taxpayer has the resources to comply with the MAP instructions provided; interest usually assessed at 50% rate).