¹Although the estate tax will be completely phased out by 2010, without further action by Congress, it becomes fully effective again in 2011.

²The amount of decrease in value has been adjusted for inflation for decedents dying after 1997, and was adjusted to $820,000 for 2002, $840,000 for 2003 and $850,000 for 2004; see Rev. Procs. 2002-70, IRB 2002-46, 845, Section 3.23, and 2003-85, IRB 2003-49, 1184, Section 3.25.

³Est. of James U. Thompson, 864 F2d 1128 (4th Cir. 1989).

⁴Dorothy W. Morgan, Bkrptcy. Ct., ED OK, 1/22/90.

⁵Sec. 2032A was amended in 1997 to allow cash rental to a family member to be a qualified use of the property. Prior to that, the heir had to materially participate in the farm or business use of the property.

⁶See GCM 38698 (4/23/81).

⁷See IRS Letter Ruling 8444034 (7/27/84).

⁸See IRS Letter Rulings 8147100 (8/27/81) and 8249014 (8/23/82).

⁹Marilyn Minter, 19 F3d 426 (8th Cir. 1994).

¹⁰See IRS Letter Rulings 8444016 (7/26/84), 8939031 (6/30/89), 8508081 (11/28/84) and 8429058 (4/18/83), and Rubin W. Mangels, 828 F2d 1324 (8th Cir. 1987).

¹¹See Est. of Flora J. Abell, 83 TC 696 (1984); Mary J. Martin, 783 F2d 81 (7th Cir. 1986); Est. of Trueman, 6 Cl.Ct. 380 (1984); and Foster G.D. Bruch, ND IN, 9/3/86.

¹²Richard D. Hohenstein, TC Memo 1997-56.

¹³IRS Letter Ruling 8516012 (12/28/84).

¹⁴Merle Schuneman, 783 F2d 694 (7th Cir. 1986).