Technology Q&A
Many ways
to sum a column in Excel
How to flip the order of
data in an Excel table
Get Word to print
single-character fractions
How to conceal and
display hidden text
Adjust the design of the
application toolbar.
Key
to Instructions
To help
readers follow the instructions in this
article, we use two different typefaces.
Boldface type identifies
the names of icons, agendas, URLs and
application commands.
Sans
serif type indicates
instructions and commands that users
should type and file names. |
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EXCEL
Q. One of my colleagues told me there are
a hundred ways to add numbers in Excel. Is that
true?A. There are quite a few ways, but a
hundred may be an exaggeration. Here are my
favoritesone using keystrokes and the other
using the mouse:
Keystrokes:
If you want to get the sum of cells B5 to
B12, you could use the slow way by writing out
the full formula:
=sum(B5:B12)
Or you could evoke
the shortcut and click on B13, hold down the Alt
key, type in = and then press Enter.
Mouse:
Place your cursor on B13 (one cell below the
column you are adding) and click on the AutoSum
icon: ,
producing this screen (notice the shortcut
actually generates the same full formula):
Then press Enter.
While youre
at the AutoSum icon, click on
the adjacent arrow and take note of the other
quick functions you can perform (see screenshot
below left). Its a very handy button.
 And
youll find even more helpful
functions if you click on More
Functions (see result in
screenshot at right).
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EXCEL
Q. I often
recruit Excel to do double duty as a database,
and there are times Id like to reverse the
order of numbers or names in a table. How can I
do that? A. In other words, you want to take a
column of consecutive numbers or words, say, from
1 to 5 or Able, Baker, Charlie, and flip the
orderrunning from 5 to 1 or alphabetizing
the words in reverse order.
Excels Sort function can
do that, but it can sort information only in
columns, not in rows. Lets reorder the
sequential numbers 1 to 5. Begin by highlighting
those cells. Click on Data in
the toolbar and then on Sort,
producing the screenshot at left.
To reverse the order, click on Descending
and then on OK.
The process is
different if each number is adjacent to, say, a
list of names in column B, because Excel, in its
wisdom, guesses that its possible the
numbers and names are linked (see screenshot at
right).
Lets assume the numbers
and names are indeed linked and you want to
maintain the linksin other words, 1 is
linked to Pat, 2 to Stan and so forth. Now if you
highlight the numbers in column A, you will evoke
this Sort Warning screen, which
gives you the opportunityby checking Expand
the sectionto maintain the
number-name links when reordering column A.
If, on the other hand, Excel
guessed wrong and you want just the numbers 1 to
5 resortednot the namesclick on Continue
with the current selection.
Notice that column A is shown
as the default column to sort (below center).
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WORD
Q. I type
reports mostly in Times New Roman font and often
use fractions. For example, when I type 1/2, Word
converts it to 12a single-character fraction. But
if I change fonts, the word processor
doesnt always convert the fraction I had
typed as a single character. Whats going on
here? Am I being shortchanged with my copy of
Word?A. No, youre not being shortchanged;
its a shortcomingnot so much in Word
as in some of the fonts in your computer. But
before going into that, lets see how the
single-character fraction works and how you can
control it.
With a few keystrokes you can
program Word to change a fraction into a single
character or to leave it alone. To make your
choice, click on Tools, AutoCorrect
Options and AutoFormat As You
Type, which brings up this screen:
Notice a box labeled Fractions
(1/2) with fraction character (12). If you check this
box, Word replaces some fractions with a
single-character version.
Why did I say some
fractions? Because not all fonts have all
single-character fractions, and some have more
than others, which explains why, when you change
fonts, some of your fractions dont convert
to a single character.
While youre in the AutoCorrect
section, consider what other defaults you want to
change. One of the handiest is Hyphens
(--) with dash (). With that box
checked, every time you finish typing a word,
typing two dashes and then another word, the
short hyphens will be replaced by a full
dashlike this.
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Q. Some of my
reports contain information I do not wish certain
people to see. Rather than prepare two reports, I
understand theres a way to variously hide
and then display text with just a few mouse
clicks. How do I do that?A. Thats correct. Hiding text is a
two-step operation. And understand that you also
have to set the default condition within Word so
hidden text can be either viewed or hidden.
Well get to that later. Lets walk
through the steps.
To demonstrate, I will create
the following paragraph in which one sentence
will later be hidden:
This
material is top secret. With the click of a
mouse, this sentence will be hidden. Now you see
it, now you dont.
Only highlight the sentence, With the click of a mouse,
this sentence will be hidden. Now click on Format, Font,
bringing up the screen at right.
Under Effects
place a check in the Hidden box
and click on OK. Notice the
sentence you highlighted now has tiny dots under
it; thats the visual clue that its
ready to be hidden.

Since Word normally defaults to
show hidden text (thats why the potentially
hidden sentence contains those dots), I now will
change the default by going to Words
default screen: On the toolbar click on Tools,
Options and the View
tab. Under Formatting marks,
remove the check next to Hidden text
and click on OK (see screenshot
below).
Now when you return to the
paragraph, notice that not only is the sentence
hidden, but the surrounding text closes over it
so a reader has no clue text was ever there.

Shortcut: Clearly, this is a
cumbersome series of steps if you use hidden text
often. So here is a one-click shortcut to make it
appear and disappear. Instead of going through
the rigmarole of changing the default, well
use the Show All icon ( ) to toggle between making
the text visible and invisible. If the Show
All icon is not already in the toolbar,
click on Tools, Customize, then
on the Commands tab, and under Categories,
go to View and drag the Show
All icon onto the toolbar.
Caveat: The
hidden-text feature, while convenient, is not
without danger. You may forget you have text on a
page, and if you delete text in the area of the
hidden text, you may accidentally delete the
hidden text, too. Avoid this danger by making
sure the hidden text is displayed only during the
writing and editing stage.
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OPERATING SYSTEM
Q. My partner
and I recently upgraded to XP. He was playing
around with various defaults and now, when he has
several Word or Excel files open at the same
time, the icons in the toolbar at the bottom of
the screen look less cluttered than mine. And
thats because the icons are stacked on top
of one another rather than lined up next to each
other, which makes them very small and hard to
read. How can I make my screen stack open files,
too?A. That is a nice feature. It makes the
screen less cluttered, and since the icons have
more space, there usually is enough room in the
file icon to fit at least some of the file name.
Here is what the old setup looks like:

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they are squeezed in so tightly you
cant identify the files. Now the
new way: |
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Its much better.
To change the taskbar default
so it stacks files, left-click on any unused blue
space in the taskbar at the bottom of the screen,
producing the screenshot at left.
Now click on Properties,
generating this screen below:
Click on the Taskbar
tab, and under Taskbar Appearance,
check the box Group similar taskbar
buttons and then click on Apply
and OK. 
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| Do you
have technology questions for this
column? Or, after reading an answer, do
you have a better solution? Send them to
contributing editor Stanley Zarowin via
e-mail at zarowin@mindspring.com. Because
of the volume of mail, we regret we
cannot individually answer submitted
questions. However, if a readers
question has broad interest, we will
answer it in a forthcoming Technology
Q&A column.
On occasion you may
find you cannot implement a function I
describe in this column. More often than
not its because not all functions
work in every operating system or
application. I try to test everything in
the 2000 and XP editions of Windows and
Office. Its virtually impossible to
test them in all editions and its
equally difficult to find out which
editions are incompatible with a
function. I apologize for the
inconvenience.
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